O presente simples Expressa :
1) Ações habituais ou rotinas :
Exemplo: I go to school every day.
No exemplo acima o presente simples foi usado para descrever um hábito. Algo que acontece todos os dias (every day).
2) Para descrever estados permanentes ou verdades eternas:
Neste caso é usado para descrever algo que sempre foi, é e provavelmente será sempre assim.
Exemplo: The planets move around the sun.
(Isto é verdade: Os planetas se movem ao redor do sol.
Advérbios que são geralmente usados com o presente simples:
Every day todos os dias sometimes às vezes
Every month todos os meses frequently frequentemente
Every week toda semana rarely raramente
Every year todos os anos generally geralmente
Always sempre never nunca
FORMAÇÃO DO PRESENTE SIMPLES:
Nesta primeira parte estudaremos o uso do presente simples para:
I - YOU - WE - THEY
AFIRMATIVA
Sujeito + verbo + complemento
I study English
You study English
We study English
They study English
NEGATIVA
Para fazer frases negativas não usamos a palavra "not" sozinha. "Not"sempre virá acompanhado de um verbo auxiliar, que neste caso será "DO". Note que o verbo auxiliar, quando pensamos em português, não tem nenhum tradução - ele apenas faz parte da estrutura, porém é parte essencial e é a partícula que informa ao ouvinte/leitor o tempo verbal da frase.
Sujeito + verbo + complemento
I do not study English
You do not study English
We do not study English
They do not study English
NEGATIVA (forma contraída)
Sujeito + verbo + complemento
I don't study English
You don't study English
We don't study English
They don't study English
INTERROGATIVA
Na forma interrogativa a presença do vebo auxiliar "DO" também se faz necessária. Como já vimos na unidade onde estudamos o verbo "TO BE"(Clique aqui para saber mais sobre verbo to be), as frases interrogativas usam o verbo auxiliar no início da frase. Vale ressaltar novamente que ele não tem nenhuma tradução - ele será usado no início para marcar que a frase é interrogativa e também para informar o tempo da ação descrita.
VERBO AUXILIAR + SUJEITO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTO
Do I study English ?
Do you study English ?
Do we study English ?
Do they study English ?
Exercises:
01. Organize as palavras abaixo e monte uma frase com as mesmas. Siga o exemplo:
Work / I / in São Paulo
I work in São Paulo .
a) go / We / to the park every day
____________________________________________________.
b) play / They / soccer / at school.
____________________________________________________.
c) write / You / a letter every day.
____________________________________________________.
d) watch / Pedro and John / TV every night
____________________________________________________.
e) study / I / English every week.
____________________________________________________.
02. Use o auxiliar "DO" quando necessário. Quando não, coloque "X".
a) Where __________ they study?
b) My parents ________ not cook well.
c) _______ you speak Italian?
d) John and I_________ play soccer.
e) _________ Renato and Guilherme usually travel on the weekends?
f) I _________ not go to the club every day.
g) My brothers ___________ go to beach every weekend.
h) My sisters ____________ not like Peter.
03. Faça Perguntas para as respostas dadas.
a)______________________________________________________?
Yes, They watch TV at night.
b)______________________________________________________?
No, I don't speak Italian.
c) ______________________________________________________?.
Yes, we work in the club.
d) ______________________________________________________?
No, they don't cut the carrots.
04. Responda as perguntas abaixo de acordo com as indicações dadas. Use Short answers.
a) Do my parents study on Sundays?
No, ________________________________________.
b) Do you have a car?
Yes,________________________________________.
c) Do we work on Mondays?
Yes,________________________________________.
d) Do they do they the homework?
Yes, ________________________________________.
05. Complete as frases abaixo usando o presente simples.
a) Mariana and I _________________TV on Sundays. (to watch)
b) ________Pedro and his sister ____________soccer on Saturdays? (to play)
c) __________your brothers _______________ Spanish? (to speak)
d) We _____________our exercises in the morning. (to do)
e) Isabella and her brother ___________ to school in the afternoon. (to go)
f) They _______________ like pizza (not / like).
g) Mary and John ______________ study in the morning. (not / study)
06. Change to question and negative forms:
a) We write letters.
N.:_____________________________________________
I.: _____________________________________________
b) They speak Spanish.
N.:_____________________________________________
I.: _____________________________________________
c) I like to study English.
N.:_____________________________________________
I.: _____________________________________________
d) Peter and Mary read every night.
N.:_____________________________________________
I.: ______________________________________________
e) The buses stop here every day.
N.:____________________________________________
I.: ____________________________________________
f) The dogs eat bone.
N.:___________________________________________
I.: ___________________________________________
TEXT
Peter: Where do you live, John?
John: I live on Assis Figueiredo Street.
And you, Peter? Where do you live?
Peter: I live on Assis figueiredo Street, too.
John: Then, are we neighbors?
Peter: Yes, we are.
John: Do you go to school every morning?
Peter: Yes, I do.
John: And you?
Peter: No, I don't go to school in the morning. I go to school every afternoon.
John: How do you go to school?
Peter: By bus. And you?
John: By car. My parents take me to school every day.
Peter: What time do your classes start?
John: They start at 7 o'clock.
Peter: Do you have English classes every morning?
John: Yes, I do. And You?
Peter: I have an intensive English course.
John: Oh! Good!
Do you like to study English?
Peter: Yes, I do. And you?
John: I don't like. I prefer Portuguese.
Peter: OK. Sorry, but I have to go. Bye.
John: Bye.
Exercises:
Parte 01:
1 - Retire do texto duas frases afirmativas no presente simples:
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2 - Retire do texto duas frases negativas no presente simples:
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3 - Retire do texto duas frases interrogativas no presente simples:
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Parte 02:
1 - Are Peter and John neighbors?
______________________________________________________
2 - Do they live on São Paulo street or Assis Figueiredo street?
______________________________________________________
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